This German invention was picked up by someone in the team of scientists assembled at the Heeresversuchsanstalt in Peenemünde. A comparable joystick unit was used for the contemporary American Azon steerable munition, strictly to laterally steer the munition in the yaw axis only. Both the Hs 293 and Fritz-X used FuG 230 Straßburg radio receivers in them to send the Kehl's control signals to the ordnance's control surfaces. This joystick had on-off switches rather than analogue sensors.
Here, the joystick of the Kehl transmitter was used by an operator to steer the missile towards its target. The device was used as part of the Germans' Funkgerät FuG 203 Kehl radio control transmitter system used in certain German bomber aircraft, used to guide both the rocket-boosted anti-ship missile Henschel Hs 293, and the unpowered pioneering precision-guided munition Fritz-X, against maritime and other targets. The Germans developed an electrical two-axis joystick around 1944. In the awarded patent, Mirick writes: "My control system is particularly applicable in maneuvering aircraft without a pilot." NRL was actively developing remote controlled aircraft at the time and the joystick was possibly used to support this effort. Mirick at the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and patented in 1926 (U.S. The electrical two-axis joystick was invented by C. The coining of the term "joystick" may actually be credited to Loraine, as his is the earliest known usage of the term, although he most certainly did not invent the device.Įlectronic joysticks History Joysticks were present in early planes, though their mechanical origins are uncertain. The George and Jobling aircraft control column is in the collection of the Discovery Museum in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. He is alleged to have invented the "George Stick" which became more popularly known as the joystick. George was a pioneer aviator who with his colleague Jobling built and flew a biplane at Newcastle in England in 1910. Loraine is cited by the Oxford English Dictionary for using the term "joystick" in his diary in 1909 when he went to Pau to learn to fly at Bleriot's school. There are also competing claims on behalf of fellow pilots Robert Loraine, James Henry Joyce, and A. The name joystick is thought to originate with early 20th century French pilot Robert Esnault-Pelterie. Joysticks originated as controls for aircraft ailerons and elevators, and are first known to have been used as such on Louis Bleriot's Bleriot VIII aircraft of 1908, in combination with a foot-operated rudder bar for the yaw control surface on the tail. Miniature finger-operated joysticks have been adopted as input devices for smaller electronic equipment such as mobile phones.Ĭockpit of a glider with its joystick visible Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles, wheelchairs, surveillance cameras, and zero turning radius lawn mowers.
A popular variation of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer. It often has supplementary switches to control various aspects of the aircraft's flight. A joystick, also known as the control column, is the principal control device in the cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a centre stick or side-stick. hat switch (POV hat), 8. suction cups.Ī joystick, sometimes called a flight stick, is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Possible elements of a video game joystick: 1. stick, 2. base, 3. trigger, 4. extra buttons, 5. autofire switch, 6. throttle, 7.
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